They were efficient farms and manufacturing centers that produced meat and agricultural products for export. By the 19th century, most of them were producing henequen rope, a variety of agave cactus.

Haciendas had vast henequen fields tended by hundreds of workers, a chapel, the main house (usually the largest building) where the hacienda owner lived, and the administrative offices.

After the Caste War in Yucatán and the subsequent invention of synthetic fibers, most haciendas were abandoned.

In recent times, recognizing the beauty of these buildings and with the purpose of enjoying the countryside surroundings of Mérida, many haciendas have been renovated and converted into luxurious hotels, vacation homes, restaurants, or museums.

Some of the most important ones include Katanche, Kancabchén, Ochil, Petac, San José Cholul, Santa Rosa, Temozon, Teya, and Yaxcopoil, which was considered one of the most important rural estates in terms of size and magnificence and is now a museum.

One of the most iconic haciendas is Sotuta de Peón,which was the world's leading producer of natural hard fibers in the early 20th century. On the Sotuta de Peón Tour, you'll discover old agricultural machinery and a traditional Mayan house. Additionally, you can enjoy a refreshing swim in the Dzul Ha cenote. 

Another hacienda worth visiting is the Hacienda and Museum Yaxcopoil, founded in the 17th century. The main house has been preserved, featuring spacious rooms that display original antique European furniture. The building is surrounded by extensive gardens with an infinite range of colors and lush vegetation. You can also explore the machine room, the chimney, and the dungeons.Take the Yaxcopoil Tour, which includes a visit to the Uxmal archaeological site.

You can also take the Tour to Hacienda Mucuyché. During the tour, you'll revisit the history of one of the most prosperous haciendas in Yucatán during the henequen era, which has preserved much of its original state. The earliest record of the hacienda dates back to the 17th century. Within the property are two majestic cenotes: Carlota and Azul Maya.Carlota is a semi-open cenote steeped in history. In its crystal-clear waters in 1865, Mexico's Empress Carlota became the first person to bathe there. Azul Maya is a cavern-type cenote and was considered a sacred place by the Maya.