History of Guadalajara
History of Mérida
History of Oaxaca
Northern Mexico
Central Mexico
Southern Mexico
History of Guadalajara
History of Mérida
History of Oaxaca
Northern Mexico
Central Mexico
Southern Mexico
THE TOWN OF SAN MARCOS EVANGELISTA TUCHTLA WAS FOUNDED BY DOMINICAN FRIARS
Pre-Hispanic Era
Tuxtla Gutiérrez was founded by the Zoque indigenous people with the name Coyatoc, which means "place, house, or land of rabbits." The current name is derived from Nahuatl.
In 1486 and 1505, the Aztecs invaded the region, destroyed Coyatoc, and named it Tochtlán, which means the same. Later, the Spanish Hispanized this name, calling it Tuxtla.
Colonial Era
In 1560, Dominican friars, led by Friar Antonio de Pamplona, formally founded the town of San Marcos Evangelista Tuchtla on the right bank of the Sabinal River, with the Zoque Indian village located on the plain known as "Tochtlán," becoming part of the Tecpatlán convent.
In 1693, a large group of Zoque Indians revolted and lynched the Mayor of Ciudad Real, Captain Manuel Maisterra y Antocha, the Indian Governor Pablo Hernández, and the constable Nicolás de Trejo.
On June 19, 1748, the mayor's office of Tuxtla was established, with its headquarters in the town of San Marcos Tuxtla. In 1768, it became the seat of the second mayor's office of Chiapas. In 1786, the intendancy of Ciudad Real de Chiapa was created, merging the governorship of Soconusco with the mayor's offices of Ciudad Real and Tuxtla, with Don Francisco Saavedra y Carvajal appointed as the first governor-intendant. Tuxtla became the main seat with jurisdiction over 33 towns. In 1796, Joaquín Miguel Gutiérrez, a beloved son of Tuxtla, was born.
History of Tuxtla Gutiérrez
19th century
On October 29, 1813, the courts of Cádiz, Spain, elevated the town of Tuxtla to the status of a villa. On July 27, 1829, it was elevated to the rank of a city by the acting governor Emeterio Pineda. On September 4, 1821, the independence of the Villa de Tuxtla was proclaimed. In 1823, Joaquín Miguel Gutiérrez signed the Plan of Free Chiapas along with Friar Matías de Córdoba, Matías Ruiz, and Friar Ignacio Barnoya. One year later, Joaquín Miguel Gutiérrez signed, on behalf of the Villa de Tuxtla, the act declaring the federation of Chiapas to Mexico on September 12. On June 29, 1829, the Villa de Tuxtla was elevated to the rank of a city.
In 1837, during the centralist era, Chiapas became a department, and the city of Tuxtla became the capital of the Western District. On May 31, 1848, the name of Tuxtla was amended to Tuxtla Gutiérrez in honor of Don Joaquín Miguel Gutiérrez, an illustrious federalist who died fighting for his federalist ideas. On August 11, 1892, Tuxtla Gutiérrez was declared the seat of the public authorities of Chiapas.
20th Century
In 1914, the Twenty-First Brigade, led by General Jesús Agustín Castro, made a triumphant entry, initiating the Carrancista revolution in Chiapas. In 1915, the political headship of the Tuxtla department was abolished, and free municipalities were created instead. The free municipality of Tuxtla was born, with its first municipal president being Don Noé Vázquez Rincón, with the delegations of Terán and Copoya.
In 1925, during Carlos A. Vidal's government, the City Council was dissolved, subjecting it to a section of the government.
In 1934, during the Cristero War, there was a burning of saints and the closure of Catholic temples in the city of Tuxtla Gutiérrez.
In the subsequent years, Tuxtla Gutiérrez has consolidated as a city in constant growth.
TRADITION AND MODERNITY
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