It is located in the neighborhood of Marquesado or the former town of Santa María del Marquesado, founded by Francisco de Orozco in 1523.

Later, the town belonged to Hernán Cortés, Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca, a title granted to him by King Charles V of Spain in 1529.

Initially, it was a hermitage dedicated to Santa María, built in the late 16th century. In 1727, it became a church under the responsibility of the Dominican religious order, used to evangelize the residents of Marquesado, which was independent from the Villa of Antequera, now Oaxaca.

The church was rebuilt and modified several times. The last formal restoration took place in 1953.

The facade is made of green quarry stone and has a classic style with some elements of the Baroque. On the sides of the entrance, you can see sculptures of the presbyter Aguirroles and the philanthropist Fernández de Fiallo, both benefactors of this church. Above, you can see the characteristic octagonal choir window, and higher up, a small niche with the image of the Virgin of the Assumption.

The building has a nave with side chapels and a barrel vault. The main altarpiece and the altarpiece of the Virgin of the Reyes are the most relevant elements. The former is a neo-Gothic woodwork, featuring an image of the Crucified Christ with the Virgin and Apostle John, which was made in Italy. The altarpiece of the chapel has neoclassical elements finished in veneered wood.