The original buildings are not the ones currently seen since the first constructions were made of adobe with wooden beam roofs. This first temple was completed in 1596.

The current project dates back to the late 17th century, and its construction took approximately 30 years, being completed in 1722. The complex was made possible through the donations of Manuel Fernández Fiallo and Lorenzo Mendoza.

In 1862, as part of the Reform Laws, the property was expropriated, and the government transferred it to the Institute of Sciences and Arts. In 1893, Bishop Gillow acquired the convent and founded the Casa de Cuna, which has lasted until the present day.

The temple's facade is in the Baroque style and is considered one of the most impressive in Oaxaca. It is divided into three levels: the first has the entrance to the temple under a semi-circular arch topped by the emblem of the Augustinians. On the sides, there are Ionic columns and two niches with sculptures of San Juan de Sahagún and San Nicolás Tolentino. The second level features the central figure of San Agustín and two cherubs above. The third level has two niches with sculptures of Santa Clara de Montefalco and Santa Rita de Cáscia.

The temple has a Latin cross plan, and inside, it houses authentic works such as the main baroque altarpiece, made of carved wood and covered in laminated gold. In the center, the sculpture of San Agustín stands out, and below it, there is a beautiful oil painting depicting the Holy Trinity. There are two smaller altarpieces that, although smaller in size, are equally beautiful as the main one.

Underneath the pulpit, there is a glass capsule containing a bone fragment that is a relic of San Agustín, which was gifted by the Roman Curia.