It was the first of the five colleges built in Puebla. The College's project expanded to include the foundation of the San Jerónimo convent, which was built adjacent to the college. Furthermore, the convent had a church consecrated in 1635.

One of the most famous students of this college was Francisco Javier Clavijero, known for publishing the "Ancient History of Mexico" in 1780.

After the Jesuits were expelled from New Spain, this building served various purposes. It was a tobacco shop and customs house. In the 19th century, it became the State Treasury, and by the end of the century, it became a Teachers' College. At the beginning of the 20th century, it was occupied by the State Congress.

On the exterior, the sober temple entrances date back to 1629 and display impressive quarry work that creates an admirable interplay of light and shadow.

The bronze nails on the doors depict the coat of arms of the Jesuit order, featuring a lion framed by four scallop shells. The wooden doors are framed by attached and decorated quarry pilasters.

The dome features divisions of panels created by stripes of tiles, and the bell tower has some estipite columns.

Inside, there is a courtyard with a central quarry fountain.