It is located in Chapultepec Castle.

This splendid neoclassical building has witnessed countless historical events in the city, including the attempted U.S. invasion in 1847.

Later, it served as a residence for Emperor Maximilian and his wife Carlota in 1866. It was the country's first astronomical observatory and was the presidential residence for Porfirio Díaz and the early revolutionary leaders until General Lázaro Cárdenas turned it into a museum.

The castle is visible from many parts of the city as it is located on Cerro del Chapulín, one of the most prominent elevations in the Valley of Mexico. It was a resting place for the Mexica rulers, so some pre-Hispanic vestiges can still be observed on the slopes of the hill.

At the entrance to the castle, you can admire two murals by Antonio González Orozco and the carriages used by Maximilian, Benito Juárez, and Porfirio Díaz.

The museum has 50 rooms where over 65,000 historically valuable pieces are exhibited, including furniture, clothing, jewelry, weapons, documents, and objects from different eras.

The former Military College houses rooms that cover the period from the Conquest to the Revolution, while the spaces in the Alcázar are furnished with decorations, jewelry, and objects from the time when it was inhabited by Emperor Maximilian, as well as furniture and objects from President Porfirio Díaz's era. Notable rooms include those displaying portraits of all the viceroys of New Spain and the Malachite Room.

The museum brings together representative pieces from periods of Mexican history: New Spain, the struggle for Independence, and the formation of the Republic. Among the exhibited pieces, there is a beautiful collection of Mexican flags.

The museum offers guided tours, educational workshops, temporary exhibitions, concerts, and lectures. It has a library specialized in Mexican history.